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TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
Motto: Together we Aspire, Together we Achieve
Coat of Arms
National Flower (Victoria Regia Lily)
Flag
Location: Southernmost islands of the Lesser Antilles. Separated from Venezuela by the 11 km (7 miles) strait of the Gulf of Paria. 30 km (19 miles) separate the two islands.
History: Both islands were settled by Amerindians. Trinidad became a Spanish outpost from the late 16th century. French and British settlers; African slaves, indentured labourers came during the 18th century.

The two islands became one state in 1888 and gained independence in 1962. In 1976 the twin-island State became a Republic within the Commonwealth with the President as Head of State.

Executive power lies with the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. The Legislature consists of an elected House of Representatives and an appointed Senate.

Tobago has a separate House of Assembly which is responsible for some of the island's domestic affairs.

Elections: Last elections 2002. Next elections due in 2007
Ruling Party: People's National Movement
Major Political Parties: People's National Movement (PNM), United National Congress (UNC), National Alliance for Reconstruction (NAR).
Head of State: H.E. George Maxwell Richards, President
Head of Government:
  Hon. Patrick A.M. Manning
Prime Minister

DATE OF BIRTH: 17 August 1946

MARITAL STATUS: Married

EDUCATION:

  • 1966-69: B.Sc. (Special Hons.) Geology

PROFESSIONAL/POLITICAL CAREER:

  • 1969-71: Geologist, Texaco Trinidad Inc., Trinidad and Tobago
  • 1971-Present: Parliamentary Representative, San Fernando East
  • 1971-78: Parliamentary Secretary - Portfolios held: Petroleum and Mines; Prime Minister's Office; Planning and Development; Industry and Commerce; Works, Transport and Communications
  • 1978-79: Minister in Ministry of Finance (Maintenance).
  • 1979-81: Minister in Ministry of Finance (Public Sector) and Minister in Office of the Prime Minister (Information)
  • 1981: Minister of Information; Minister of Industry and Commerce
  • 1981-86: Minister of Energy and Natural Resources
  • 1987-Present: Political Leader, People's National Movement
  • 1986-90: Leader of the Opposition
  • 1991-95: Prime Minister
  • 1995-2001: Leader of the Opposition
  • 2001 (December): Appointed Prime Minister
  • 2002 (October): Elected Prime Minister
Economic Summary:

The petroleum sector is by far the most important sector with an average contribution to GDP of 25% over the period 1994-1998.
During the same period, petrochemicals contributed export earnings at 23.7%, and together with natural gas are enjoying prime economic focus.

This shift in emphasis away from crude oil production is to cash in on the abundant natural gas supplies which are used as a feedstock in the domestic production of methanol and ammonia for export.

In 1998 production of these products amounted to 1.9m tonnes and 2.9m tonnes respectively, making Trinidad and Tobago one of the world's largest producer of both commodities. In 1999, a huge Atlantic Liquefied Natural gas project came on stream, catering for export production of the gas as a fuel. This is a significant boost to output in the natural gas sub-sector.

The energy sector has been boosting some sub-sectors, namely distribution, transportation and construction, earning a total share of over one-third of GDP.

Local manufacture (excluding oil refining and petrochemical industries) accounted for 9% of GDP in 1998, while Agriculture share was 2.4% for the same period with direct employment amounting to 8.1 % of the labour force. Sugar is the major cash crop. Others include coffee, cocoa and citrus.

Tourism is an important growth sector. A good blend of cultural diversity and special interest areas are among the features supporting this sector. Additionally, the ability to attract large-scale international events has been proven. The famous annual carnival offers much potential for boosting this sector.

Airport: Piarco International; Crown Point International
Status: Independence - 31 August 1962
Republic - 1 March 1976
Capital: Port-of-Spain
Area: 5,182 km2 (1,980 miles2)
Population: 1,290,400 (mid-1999)
GDP Per Capita (at current prices): EC$13,629 million (1999)
Total Exports: EC$6,308.9 million (1998)
Total Imports: EC$8,193.1 million (1998)
Intra-Regional Exports: EC$1,988.2 million (1998)
Intra-Regional Imports: EC$284.1 million (1998)
Business Hours: Commercial: 8:00-16:30 hrs Monday to Friday

Government: 8:00-12:00; 13:00-16:30 hrs Monday to Friday
 
National Holidays:

New Year's Day (01 January); Carnival (Monday and Tuesday preceding Ash Wednesday); Eid-ul-Fitr (as decreed); Good Friday; Easter Monday; Spiritual Baptism Liberation Shouter Day (30 March); Corpus Christi; Indian Arrival Day (30 May); Labour Day (19 June); Emancipation Day (01 August); Independence Day (31 August); Republic Day (24 September); Diwali (as decreed); Christmas Day (25 December); Boxing Day (26 December)

National Anthem: Forged from the love of liberty.
In the fires of Hope and Prayer,
With boundless faith in our Destiny,
We solemnly declare,
Side by side we stand,
Islands of the blue Caribbean Sea,
This our Native Land,
We pledge our lives to Thee,
Here every creed and race find an equal place,
And may God bless our Nation.
Together we aspire, together we achieve

(Words and Music by Patrick S. Castagne)
Highest National Award: Trinity Cross
Favourite Dish: Callaloo; Pelau; Roti and Curry
Date of CARICOM Membership: 1 August 1973
Government web page: http://www.gov.tt
Information from www.caricom.org
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Communiqué of the 55th Meeting of the Monetary Council of the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank St Kitts 17 February 2006
Communiqué Issued at the Conclusion of the Twenty-Sixth Meeting of the Conference of Heads of Government of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), 3-6 July 2005, Gros Islet, Saint Lucia
Joint Communiqué
Communiqué Issued at the Conclusion of the Tenth Special Meeting of the Conference of Heads of Government of the Caribbean Community
Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 8-9 November 2004
Remarks delivered by Secretary General of the Caribbean Community, His Excellency Mr. Edwin W. Carrington, to the Joint Meeting of the CARICOM Directors of Fisheries and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Study Team.
Address by the Most Hon P.J. Patterson ON, PC, QC, MP Prime Minister of Jamaica at the Inauguration of the New CARICOM Secretariat Building Georgetown, Guyana on February 19, 2005
Speech by Dr. The Honourable Ralph E. Gonsalves, Prime Minister, St. Vincent and the Grenadines at the Inauguration Ceremony of the CSM
Statement presented by Secretary-General of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), His Excellency Edwin W Carrington, on the occasion of the formal launch of the CARICOM Single Market, Monday 30 January, Kingston, Jamaica.
Address by Most Honourable P. J. Patterson, ON, PC, QC, MP at the CARICOM Single Market Signing Ceremony “From Mona to Chaguaramas to Mona” 30th January 2006
Address by the Hon Patrick Manning Prime Minister Republic of Trinidad and Tobago and Chairman Conference of Heads of Government of the CARICOM
Address by the Right Hon Owen Arthur, Prime Minister of Barbados on the Occasion of the Signing of Declaration, Launching the CARICOM Single Market
Statement by Hon. Elvin Nimrod, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Trade on the Occasion of the First Anniversary of the Re-Establisment of Diplomatic Relations Between Grenada and the People’s Republic of China.
Statement by the Honourable Patrick Manning, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago and Chairman of the CARICOM Conference of Heads of Government
2006 New Year Address by OECS Chairman Dr. the Hon. Ralph Gonsalves Prime Minister of St. Vincent and the Grenadines
Statement by the Caribbean Community “CARICOM’s Perspective on the Summit of the Americas Process” at the Fourth Summit of the Americas Mar Del Plata November 5, 2005
Message by the Secretary General of the Caribbean Community, His Excellency Edwin W. Carrington on the Occasion of Commonwealth Day March 14, 2005
Message from His Excellency Edwin W. Carrington Secretary General of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) on the Occasion of International Women’s Day March 8, 2005
Speech by the Most Hon. P. J. Patterson ON, PC, QC, MP, Prime Minister, Jamaica at the Launch of the Publication, 'CARICOM: Our Caribbean Community - An Introduction, Friday 26 November, 2004, Mona Visitors' Lodge and Conference Centre, UWI, Mona, Jamaica
Remarks by H. E. Mr. Edwin W. Carrington, Secretary-General, CARICOM at the Launch of the Publication, 'CARICOM: Our Caribbean Community - An Introduction', Written by the Staff of the CARICOM Secretariat and Published by Ian Randle Publishers, Friday 26 November 2004, Mona Visitors' Lodge and Conference Centre, UWI, Mona, Jamaica
October - November 2004